# Glossary of Terms and Acronyms source: https://developer.mastercard.com/iccp/documentation/glossary/index.md Glossary of terms and acronyms for In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP). A unique sequence of numbers that identifies the account of a cardholder and type of financial transaction card, and may contain coded information for internal security purposes. *Refer to Primary Account Number (PAN)*. The process where an issuer receives a request from an acquirer to determine whether to approve or decline a transaction. The authorization request may be included as part of a full financial request or on its own as a separate nonfinancial request for authorization. Not all transactions require an authorization from the issuer. The payment product rules, and the floor limit, determine the need for an authorization. A file that allows users to upload bulk data including purchase requests, and real card numbers. The name given to a real card number (RCN) that can be utilized in In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP) to create purchase requests and set velocity limits. * *Refer to Purchase Requests*. * *Refer to Controls*. The clearing amount is the net-settled amount of a transaction. Commercial Event Notifications deliver real-time notifications to the customers of authorizations that have taken place on virtual card numbers generated through In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP). Functionality includes authorization push notifications to customer endpoints and GET notifications functionality. Contactless payment systems (also known as touch and go, or wave and pay) are credit cards and debit cards that use radio frequency identification (RFID) or near-field communication (NFC) for making secure payments. NFC technology enables contactless payments through a digital wallet or contactless enabled card. *Refer to Digital wallet*. A hard-coded mechanism that allows Mastercard Commercial products to be used in defined ways. Controls can be set for time, place, and frequency of use. A Smart Data corporate, onboarded with In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP), In Control for Business Travel (ICBT), or both, that generates purchase requests to send to its suppliers through the Smart Data user interface (UI), API or batch. The Company Program Administrator (CPA) is a Smart Data user with the designated responsibility to manage account and Org Point data for a single company. The CPA uses the system for activities such as viewing, exporting, and reporting on data associated with the company assigned to the CPA. A digital wallet app, supported by Apple Pay, Google Pay,and Samsung Pay. Credit card feature that allows the cardholder to make a point-of-sale purchase in a foreign country using the billing currency of the cardholder. This is easy for the cardholder to understand the cost of the actual goods, it often comes with a poor exchange rate (FX rate) and other fees charged by the merchant that can make the transaction more expensive, than making it in local currency. A program that sends a push message when activity takes place for a specified product. *Refer to Commercial Event Notifications*. A powerful tool to help streamline travel payments through travel management companies (TMCs) using configurable spending controls and enhanced data. Designed for managing travel bookings and reconciliation, it has specific reporting where information about hotels, airlines, car rental are included from the transaction details. Functionality includes: * API only for travel integrators * Enhanced travel data captured at time of virtual card number (VCN) generation * Travel focused templates * Data transmission * Global Data Repository (GDR) links * Email generation Abbreviated Form: ICBT In Control for Mobile Payments (ICMP) is part of the Commercial Product Suite. It is an add on option to In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP). ICMP allows deployment of virtual cards with the option to push provision to a digital wallet. Once the virtual card token is in the digital wallet, it enables end users to make contactless purchases at NFC-enabled points of sale. An Issuer Program Administrator (IPA) is a Smart Data user with the designated responsibility to manage company, account, and Org Point data for an issuer group (one or more issuers linked to form one logical issuer). An IPA uses the system for such activities as viewing and reporting on data associated with the issuers assigned to the group. Mastercard customer that provides real cards to its clients (companies). Smart Data issuer that gives In Control for Commercial Payments (ICCP) or In Control for Business Travel (ICBT) functionality to its corporate clients. Merchant businesses, such as retail stores that offer their services to a cardholder. Mastercard requires that the merchant conduct a genuine business. In ICCP, they may also be known as suppliers. The merchant can be any entity that: * Accepts a payment card for payment of goods and services * Agrees to comply with the standards of Mastercard (or other network) and an acquirer, the financial institution responsible for processing the merchant's transactions. *Refer to Supplier*. A virtual card number enabled for mobile devices which allows tokenization for an X-wallet. *Refer to Digital wallet*. A multi-use virtual card number (VCN) is a VCN that can be used for more than one transaction. Specifically, it is a VCN with a control that allows for more than one approved authorization. These can be useful for use cases when repeat transactions or varied transactions are required but the real card number should not be disclosed. By sharing only the VCN, the real card number remains protected, reducing the potential impacts of fraud. *Refer to Single-use*. Payment controls set the parameters of purchase requests. Controls reside in the purchase template. All purchase templates require at least one core control. A purchase request allows the company program administrator (CPA) to generate a virtual card number (VCN) with specific parameters for a transaction including, but not limited to, the validity dates, amounts, velocity controls, and supplier. *Refer to \[Submitting Purchase Requests\]*(/documentation/05_api_reference/soap_api/purchaserequest/submitpurchaserequest/). A menu in Smart Data that can be used to manage suppliers, create single-use purchase request, create batch requests, card maintenance, create and manage purchase templates, and create and maintain purchase groups. *Refer to \[Payment Controls\]*(/documentation/05_api_reference/soap_api/purchaserequest/control_elements/). First-level check on data validation for a purchase request to see if it meets criteria set by an Issuer Program Administrator (IPA) or a Company Program Administrator (CPA). Refer to [StrictPreAuthCheck](https://developer.mastercard.com/iccp/documentation/05_api_reference/soap_api/purchaserequest/control_elements/index.md) Payment controls set the parameters of purchase requests. Controls reside in the purchase template. All purchase templates require at least one core control. You must select at least one core control and combinations that inter-operate with each other. * *Refer to Purchase template*. * *Refer to [Controls](https://developer.mastercard.com/iccp/documentation/05_api_reference/soap_api/purchaserequest/control_elements/index.md)*. The number that is embossed, encoded, or both, on a Mastercard card that identifies the issuer and the particular cardholder account. The PAN consists of a major industry identifier, issuer identifier, individual account identifier, and check digit. *Refer to Account number*. Real card number, also known as an RCN, this is a card given to a corporate by an issuer that can be maintained on Smart Data for the use of purchase requests. The business day during which a transaction is processed for settlement. A single-use virtual card number (VCN) is a VCN that used for one approved transaction. The VCN is set with a control that only allows for one approved authorization. This means that the VCN is used only once and, generally, is not stored. This can limit the impacts of card compromises and cut down on fraud. *Refer to Multi-use*. A supplier is a company that corporate entities can set up, to make common payments to, through Purchase Requests. A supplier may also include a Merchant ID. Mastercard provides services for creating, storing, and managing tokens. Both physical plastic and virtual cards must be tokenized before they can be inserted into an X-wallet. This non-sensitive uniquely generated token serves as a reference to the actual card. When making a purchase, the tokenized card number is used by the merchant, protecting your actual card number. Tokenized cards have a benefit that they can be very difficult to misuse and personal information is less likely to be compromised. *Refer to Digital wallet*. Tolerances cater for currency rate fluctuations or merchant surcharges, for example, Value Added Tax (VAT). Issuers can define both a percentage-based and fixed amount authorization tolerance. Issuers must request Mastercard to set up tolerances so that they can apply them to companies. Tolerances set up by companies do not apply for a particular currency unless the issuer first establishes it. A framework that can connect to any virtual card number (VCN) generator. Validity limits set by an issuer to control the velocity of amounts, dates, and time when virtual card numbers are valid. Virtual card number, also known as a VCN. VCNs are generated from a real card number, and are used in secure purchase requests.